提高退役运动员就业质量对促进运动员全面发展、建设体育强国至关重要。基于微观调查数据，构建计量模型，系统分析退役运动员就业质量的影响因素。研究发现，人力资本、社会资本和心理资本显著促进了退运动员总体就业质量提升，其中，社会资本的促增效应最强，心理资本的促增效应次之，人力资本的促增效应最弱；人力资本、社会资本和心理资本对就业质量各维度的影响存在差异。对就业质量影响的异质性分析结果表明，退役运动员人力资本对中、高就业质量水平有显著影响，对低就业质量水平影响不显著；伴随着就业质量水平的提高社会资本的影响效应逐渐变弱；心理资本的影响效应愈加强烈。基于结果，提出了确立 “更高质量就业”运动员保障政策目标，加强运动员人力资本、社会资本和心理资本建设和劳动合法权益保护，实现退役运动员更高质量就业的政策建议。

It is very important to improve the employment quality of retired athletes to promote the all-round development of athletes and build a sports power. Based on the micro survey data, the paper construct an econometric model to analyze the influential factors of retired athletes' employment quality systematically. The results show that human capital, social capital and psychological capital promoted the retired athletes? employment quality significantly, among which social capital has the strongest effect, psychological capital has the stronger effect, and human capital has the weakest effect; The impact on each dimension of employment quality is different. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the human capital of retired athletes has a significant impact on the medium and high level of employment quality, but has no significant impact on the low level of employment quality; With the improvement of employment quality, the effect of social capital become weaker; The effect of psychological capital is more and more intense. Based on the results, It is proposed to establish the goal of "higher quality employment" of athletes security policy, strengthen the construction of athletes' human capital, social capital and psychological capital, and protected the legitimate rights and interests of labor, so as to achieve higher quality employment of retired athletes.

国家社科基金项目